Ethnicity, Migration and Enterprise (Migration, Minorities and Citizenship)

Examining The Development Of Enterprise Among Four Strategic Migrant Groups: Hispanic, Chinese, Turkish And Polish; This Book Explores Migrants Contribution To The Enterprise Spectrum. These Entrepreneurs Show That Far From Taking Jobs From Native Workers, Immigrants Are In Fact Creating Large Numbers Of Jobs, From Doner-kebab Take-away Vendors In Hackney To It Consultants In Silicone Valley. Frequently, The Entrepreneurs Began As Labour Migrants. This Was The Experience Amongst Many Turkish Ex-gastarbeiter In Germany, Hispanic Migrants In The Us And Polish Migrants In The Uk. Faced With Recession And Job-losses Many Looked To Self-employment And Small Enterprises As A Route For Survival And Self-improvement. Paradoxically, Whilst Small Enterprise Is Seen As A Route For Self-improvement, There Is Also A Tendency For Many To Operate In The Informal Economy And On The Fringes Of The Law. This Book Shows How Many Enterprises Have, In Fact, Come Out Of The Fringes And Are Joining The Mainstream Economy. Ethnicity, Migration, Enterprise -- Turkish Entrepreneurs In The European Union: A Political-institutional Analysis -- Chinese Entrepreneurs In Europe And The United States: Studies In Informal Economies -- Hispanic American Entrepreneurs In The United States -- Polish Migration And Enterprise In The European Union: Between The Old And The New -- Conclusion: Winners And Losers. Prodromos Panayiotopoulos. Includes Bibliographical References And Index.