The Nature of Emotion: Fundamental Questions (Series in Affective Science)

Building On The Legacy Of The Groundbreaking First Edition, The Editors Of This Unique Volume Have Selected More Than 100 Leading Emotion Researchers From Around The World And Asked Them To Address 14 Fundamental Questions About The Nature And Origins Of Emotion. For Example: What Is An Emotion? How Are Emotions Organized In The Brain? How Do Emotion And Cognition Interact? How Are Emotions Embodied In The Social World? How And Why Are Emotions Communicated? How Are Emotions Physically Embodied? What Develops In Emotional Development? -- Introduction / Alexander J. Shackman, Andrew S. Fox, Regina C. Lapate, And Richard J. Davidson -- Preface To Paul Ekman's Essay / Richard J. Davidson -- How Emotions Might Work / Paul Ekman -- Emotions And Feelings: William James Then And Now / Antonio Damasio And Hanna Damasio -- Emotions Are Functional States That Cause Feeligns And Behavior / Ralph Adolphs -- What Is Emotion?: A Natural Science Perspective / Peter J. Lang And Margaret M. Bradley -- Affect Is Essential To Emotion / Kent C. Berridge -- Emotions: Causes And Consequences / Gerald L. Clore -- What Are Emotional States, And What Are Their Functions / Edmund T. Rolls -- Active Inference And Emotion / Karl J. Friston, Mateus Joffily, Lisa Feldman Barrett, And Anil K. Seth -- Emotions Are Constructed With Interoception And Concepts Within A Predicting Brain / Lisa Feldman Barrett -- Afterword / Regina C. Lapate And Alexander J. Shackman -- Distinguishing Affective Constructs: Structure, Trait- Vs. State-ness, And Responses To Affect / Kristin Naragon-gainey -- Inhibited Temperament And Intrinsic Versus Extrinsic Influences On Fear Circuits / Jennifer Urbano Blackford And David H. Zald -- Feelings, Moods And Temperaments / Jerome Kagan -- Distinctions Between Temperament And Emotion: Examining Reactivity, Regulation, And Social Understanding / Lindsay C. Bowman And Nathan A. Fox -- Afterword / Alexander J. Shackman, Regina C. Lapate, And Andrew S. Fox -- Personality As Lasting Individual Differences In Emotions / Rebecca L. Shiner -- The Bases For Preservation Of Emotional Biases / Jerome Kagan -- The Psychological And Neurobiological Bases Of Dispositional Negativity / Alexander J. Shackman, Melissa D. Stockbridge, Edward P. Lemay Jr., And Andrew S. Fox -- Reactivity, Recovery, Regulation: The Three R's Of Emotional Responding / Richard J. Davidson -- Afteword / Alexander J. Shackman And Andrew S. Fox -- Studying The Brain Is Necessary For Understanding Emotion / Tom Johnstone -- Brain And Emotion Research: Contributions Of Patient And Activation Studies / Robert W. Levenson -- Understanding Emotion By Unraveling Complex Structure-function Mappings / Luiz Pessoa -- Brain Studies Can Advance Psychological Understanding / Kent C. Berridge -- Afterword / Alexander J. Shackman And Regina C. Lapate -- Discrete And Dimensional Contributions To Emotion Arise From Multiple Brain Circuits / Ralph Adolphs -- Brain Limbic Systems As Flexible Generators Of Emotion / Kent C. Berridge -- At Primal Levels, Vast Subcortical Brain Networks Mediate Instinctual Emotional Reactions That Help Program Higher-order Emotional-cognitive Abilities In Higher Regions Of The Brain And Mind / Jaak Panksepp -- Brain Architecture And Principles Of The Organization Of Emotion In The Brain / Luiz Pessoa -- Variation And Egeneracy In The Brain Basis Of Emotion / Lisa Feldman Barrett -- How Are Emotions Organized In The Brain? / Tor D. Wagner, Anjali Krishnan, And Emma Hitchcock -- The Brain Is Organized To Emote / Andrew S. Fox -- Neural Circuit Mechanisms For Switching Emotional Tracks: From Positive To Negative And Back Again / Kay M. Tye -- Afterword / Alexander J. Shackman And Andrew S. Fox -- The Ambiguous Issue Of Adaptive Emotions / Jerome Kagan -- Maladaptive Emotions Are Inseperable From Inaccurate Appraisals / Phoebe C. Ellsworth -- Emotions Aren't Maladaptive / Aaron S. Heller -- Cultural Neuroscience Of Emotion / Joah Y. Chiao -- Positive Emotions Broaden And Build: Consideration For How And When Pleasant Subjective Experiences Are Adaptive And Maladaptive / Barbara L. Fredrickson -- The Social Nature Of Emotions: Context Matters / Amy Lehrner And Rachel Yehuda -- Afterword / Andrew S. Fox And Regina C. Lapate. Emotion As An Evolutionary Adaptive Pattern: The Roles Of Context And Cognition / D. Caroline Blanchard And Brandon L. Pearson -- Individual Differences In Fear Conditioning And Extintion Paradigms: Insights For Emotion Regulation / Marie-france Marin And Mohammed R. Milad -- The Role Of Context And Cognition In The Placebo Effect / Lauren Y. Atlas -- Emotional Intensity: It's The Thought That Counts / Gerald L. Clore And David A. Reinhard -- Emotion Regulation As A Change Of Goals And Priorities / Carien M. Van Reekum And Tom Johnstone -- Searching For Implicit Emotion Regulation / Matthew D. Lieberman -- Fighting Fire With Fire: Endogenous Emotion Generation As A Means Of Emotion Regulation / Haakon G. Engen And Tania Singer -- Aftewrod / Alexander J. Shackman And Regina C. Lapate -- The Interplay Of Emotion And Cognition / Hadas Okon-singer, Daniel M. Stout, Melissa D. Stockbridge, Matthias Gamer, Andrew S. Fox, And Alexander J. Shackman -- The Impact Of Affect Depends On Its Object / Gerald L. Clore -- Thoughts On Cognition-emotion Interactions And Their Role In The Diagnosis And Treatment Of Psychopathology / Keren Maoz And Yair Bar-haim -- Beyond Cognition And Emotion: Dispensing With A Cherished Psychological Narrative / Alexandra Touroutoglou And Lisa Feldman Barrett -- Can We Advance Our Understanding Of Emotional Behavior By Reconceptualizing It As Involving Valuation? / Roshan Cools, Hanneke Den Ouden, Verena Ly, And Quentin Huys -- Beyond The Threat Bias: Reciprocal Links Between Emotion And Cognition / Nick Berggren And Nazanin Derakshan -- The Cognitive-emotional Brain / Luiz Pessoa -- Emotional Vs. Rational Systems, And Decisions Between Them / Edmund T. Rolls -- Afterword / Alexander J. Shackman And Regina C. Lapate -- Connections Between Emotions And The Social Workd: Numerous And Complex / Nancy Eisenberg And Maciel M. Hernández -- Effects Of Emotion On Interpersonal Behavior: A Motivational Perspective / Edward P. Lemay Jr. -- Emotion In The Social World / Carolyn Parkinson -- The Affective Nature Of Social Interactions / Dominic S. Ferari And Mauricio R. Delgado -- On The Significance Of Implicit Emotional Communication / Andrew S. Fox -- Deconstructing Social Emotions: Empathy And Compassion And Their Relationship To Prosocial Behavior / Haakon G. Engen And Tania Singer -- Aftewrod / Andrew S. Fox And Alexander J. Shackman -- Form Of Facial Expression Communication Originates In Sensory Function / Daniel H. Lee And Adam K. Anderson -- Expression Of Emotion: New Principles For Future Inquiry / Dacher Keltner, Daniel T. Cordaro, Jessica Tracy, And Disa Sauter -- The (more Or Less Accurate) Communication Of Emotions Serves Social Problem Solving / Ursula Hess -- Making Sense Of The Senses In Emotion Communication / Wen Li, Lucas R. Novak, And Yuqi You -- Movement And Manipulation: The How And Why Of Emotion Communication / Lasana T. Harris -- Concepts Are Key To The Communication Of Emotion / Maria Gendron And Lisa Feldman Barrett -- The Web Of Emotion Understanding In Human Infants / Betty M. Repacholi And Andrew N. Meltzoff -- The Dynamic-interactive Model Approach To The Perception Of Facial Emotion / Jonathan B. Freeman -- Aftewrod / Regina C. Lapate And Andrew S. Fox -- How And Why Emotions Are Embodied / Adrienne Wood, Jared Martin, And Paula Niedenthal -- Emotion In Body And Brain: Context-dependent Action And Reaction / Margaret M. Bradley And Peter J. Lang -- The Importance Of The Mind For Understanding How Emotions Are Embodied / Naomi I. Eisenberger -- How Are Emotions Physically Embodied? / Rosalind W. Picard -- tpain As An Embodied Emotion / Tim V. Salomons -- How Are Emotions Organized And Physically Embodied? / Bruce S. Mcewen -- The Complex Tapestry Of Emotion: Immune And Microbial Contributions / Melissa A. Rosenkranz -- Afterword / Andrew S. Fox And Alexander J. Shackman -- Emotions Are More Than Their Subjective Feelings / Kent C. Berridge -- Reactive Emotional Processing In The Absence Of Conscious Awareness / Joshua M. Carlson -- What Is The Role Fo Unconscious Emotions And Of Conscious Awareness In Emotion? / Beatrice De Gelder And Marco Tamietto -- Self-regulating Our Emotional States When We Are Conscious Of Them And When We Are Not / Leanne Williams -- Regulatory Benefits Of Conscious Awareness: Insights From The Emotion Misattribution Paradigm And A Role For Lateral Prefrontal Cortex / Regina C. Lapate -- Afterword / Regina C. Lapate And Andrew S. Fox -- How Can Affect Influence Choice? / Brian Knutson And Mirre Stallen / Brian Knutson And Mirre Stallen -- Emotions Through The Lens Of Economic Theory / Agnieszka Tymula And Paul Glimcher -- Emotions As Computational Signals Of Goal Error / Luke J. Chang And Eshin Jolly -- Affect Is The Foundation Of Value / Catherine Hartley And Peter Sokol-hessner -- Emotion, Value, And Choice / Jolie Wormwood And Lisa Feldman Barrett -- Emotions Can Bias Decision-making Processes By Promoting Specific Behavioral Tendencies / Jan B. Engelmann And Todd A. Hare -- Emotions Are Important For Advantageous Decision-making: A Neuropsychological Perspective / Justin Reber And Daniel Tranel -- From Emotion To Motion: Making Choices Based On Current States And Biological Needs / Elisabeth A. Murray -- Afterword / Andrew S. Fox And Regina C. Lapate -- The Recognition Of Emotion During The First Years Of Life / Julia Cataldo And Charles A. Nelson -- Everything Develops During Emotional Development / Hill H. Goldsmith -- Stability And Change In Emotion-relevant Personality Traits In Childhood And Adolescence / Rebecca L. Shiner -- Normative Trajectories And Sources Of Psychopathology Risk In Adolescence / Leah H. Somerville And Katie A. Mclaughlin -- What Happens In Emotional Development?: Adolescent Emotionality / Eveline A. Crone And Jennifer H. Pfeifer -- Goals Change With Age And Benefit Emotional Experience / Candice Hogan, Tamara Sims, And Laura L. Carstensen -- Ideal Ends In Emotional Development / Carol D. Ryff -- Afterword / Regina C. Lapate And Alexander J. Shackman -- A Research Agenda For The Twenty-first Century / Andrew S. Fox, Regina C. Lapate, Richard J. Davidson, And Alexander J. Shackman. Edited By Andrew S. Fox [and Three Others]. Includes Bibliographical References And Index.